膨化尿素的優(yōu)勢及注意事項——讓你養(yǎng)牛羊更輕松

膨化尿素作為一種新型的飼料添加劑，具有許多獨特的優(yōu)勢，是實現反芻動物豆粕減量替代的重要途徑之一。它不僅具有不可替代的營養(yǎng)學功能，還具有替代部分豆粕和降低飼料成本的優(yōu)勢。

首先，膨化尿素可以替代粗蛋白的15％-20％，相較于豆粕，膨化尿素含氮量更高，達到32％，是豆粕含氮量的4.7倍。這意味著每使用1噸膨化尿素氮，就能節(jié)約4.7噸豆粕氮，大大降低了飼料成本。

其次，膨化尿素在牛羊日糧中可以發(fā)揮獨特的營養(yǎng)學特性。泌乳奶牛每天肝臟合成約170g膨化尿素，其中約67％的膨化尿素循環(huán)到瘤胃被微生物利用合成蛋白質。因此，膨化尿素是奶牛體內的一種天然營養(yǎng)素，不是外來物質。瘤胃微生物能利用膨化尿素合成微生物蛋白，而微生物蛋白占可代謝蛋白的60％，其氨基酸組成優(yōu)于豆粕氨基酸，是一種優(yōu)質蛋白質來源。

As a new type of feed additive, puffed urea has many unique advantages and is one of the important ways to achieve the reduction and replacement of ruminant soybean meal. It not only has irreplaceable nutritional functions, but also has the advantages of replacing part of soybean meal and reducing feed costs.

First of all, puffed urea can replace 15%-20% of crude protein, compared with soybean meal, puffed urea has a higher nitrogen content, reaching 32%, which is 4.7 times the nitrogen content of soybean meal. This means that for every 1 ton of puffed urea nitrogen used, 4.7 tons of soybean meal nitrogen can be saved, which greatly reduces feed costs.

Secondly, puffed urea can exert unique nutritional properties in cattle and sheep diets. Lactating cows synthesize about 170 g of puffed urea per day in the liver, of which about 67% of which circulates to the rumen to be used by microorganisms to synthesize protein. Therefore, puffed urea is a natural nutrient in the cow's body, not a foreign substance. Rumen microorganisms can use puffed urea to synthesize microbial proteins, and microbial proteins account for 60% of metabolizable proteins, and their amino acid composition is better than that of soybean meal amino acids, which is a high-quality protein source.

然而，膨化尿素的使用并非無注意事項。它需要科學的技術指導，否則容易導致膨化尿素利用率偏低，甚至影響動物健康。主要原因是膨化尿素在瘤胃中被微生物脲酶催化分解成氨的速度較快，與能量釋放速度同步性較低，會影響微生物蛋白的合成效率，過多的氨還會被吸收入血，進而影響動物健康和繁殖性能。

總的來說，科學使用膨化尿素可以顯著提高反芻動物的營養(yǎng)攝入和生產性能，同時降低豆粕的使用量，降低飼料成本。然而，需要掌握正確的使用方法和控制脲酶活性等關鍵技術，才能充分發(fā)揮膨化尿素的優(yōu)點，避免負面影響。

However, the use of puffed urea is not without precautions. It requires scientific technical guidance, otherwise it is easy to lead to low utilization rate of puffed urea, and even affect animal health. The main reason is that the extruded urea is catalyzed by microbial urease in the rumen to decompose into ammonia at a faster rate, which is less synchronized with the energy release rate, which will affect the synthesis efficiency of microbial proteins, and excessive ammonia will be absorbed into the blood, which in turn affects animal health and reproductive performance.

In general, the scientific use of puffed urea can significantly improve the nutritional intake and production performance of ruminants, while reducing the amount of soybean meal used and reducing feed costs. However, it is necessary to master the correct use method and control of key technologies such as urease activity to fully exploit the advantages of puffed urea and avoid negative effects.